Documentation

Documentation & guides.

Reference material for operators who configure, deploy, and run carrier-grade voice infrastructure. Start here if you are wiring a SIP trunk into VICIdial, evaluating codec choices, or learning the standards that govern every call on the SIPNEX network.

The guides below cover three layers: protocol references (SIP, RTP, E.164) that explain what is happening on the wire, configuration guides for common platforms (VICIdial, Asterisk, FreePBX) with tested templates, and operator-level glossaries and comparisons that help you choose the right codec, trunk sizing, or carrier configuration for your workload. Each guide is written for the person actually doing the work — dialer operators, call center admins, and the engineers who sit between a PBX and the PSTN. If something is missing or unclear, email contact@sipnex.ca and we will either answer it directly or add it to the library. For configuration help that goes beyond the written material, our engineering team is available during business hours — you are not going to get a tier-1 helpdesk, you are going to get the person who can actually open the config.

Guides

Browse the library.

SETUP

VICIdial SIP Trunk Setup

Complete configuration walkthrough — sip.conf, extensions.conf, codec negotiation, outbound routes, attestation handoff.

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CONFIG

SIP Trunk Configuration

Step-by-step SIP trunk configuration for Asterisk and FreePBX with tested templates and common pitfalls.

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SETUP

3CX SIP Trunk Setup

Custom trunk configuration on 3CX V20 — the license requirement, Admin Console steps, DID routing, and firewall rules.

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SETUP

Yeastar SIP Trunk Setup

P-Series trunk configuration — register vs peer trunk types, the Domain field quirk, DID routing, and NAT settings.

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SETUP

FusionPBX Gateway Setup

Carrier gateways on FusionPBX — register and IP auth, access controls, destinations, and FreeSWITCH NAT variables.

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SETUP

Avaya IP Office SIP Line

SIP Line configuration in Manager — licensing, ITSP domain vs proxy, SIP URIs, and the non-mergeable edit trap.

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SETUP

MicroSIP Softphone Setup

Register the Windows softphone to any SIP account — the Login field quirk, codec order, and NAT options that matter.

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SETUP

UniFi Talk Third-Party SIP

Running UniFi Talk on your own carrier — custom provider fields, the port 6767 recipe, and the three caveats.

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REFERENCE

E.164 Number Format

The international phone number standard — why normalization matters and how SIPNEX expects numbers on every API call.

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GLOSSARY

VoIP Glossary (60 Terms)

Plain-language definitions for the VoIP and telecom acronyms you will encounter running dialers or evaluating carriers.

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FUNDAMENTALS

How VoIP Works

A five-minute technical explainer covering signaling, media, NAT traversal, and the moving pieces of a voice call.

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PROTOCOL

RTP Protocol

How voice media actually travels over the internet — Real-time Transport Protocol, jitter buffers, and packet loss.

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PROTOCOL

What Is SIP

The Session Initiation Protocol — what it does, where it lives in the stack, and why every modern carrier speaks it.

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MEDIA

Codec Comparison

G.711 vs G.729 — which codec to choose, bandwidth vs quality tradeoffs, and how to configure a codec preference list.

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REFERENCE

SIP Response Codes

The operator's reference — every class from 1xx to 6xx, the codes trunks actually return, and what each one tells you.

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TROUBLESHOOT

SIP Code 603 / Network Blocked

What a 603 means since the FCC's 603+ standard took effect — reading the Reason header and the redress path.

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TROUBLESHOOT

SIP ALG Explained

Why the router feature meant to help SIP breaks it instead — symptoms, the mechanism, and the per-router disable table.

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TROUBLESHOOT

Disable SIP ALG: Netgear

The inverted checkbox under WAN Setup, firmware differences, and how to confirm the ALG is actually off.

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TROUBLESHOOT

Disable SIP ALG: UniFi

Where the SIP module hides in the UniFi Network app, the setting to clear, and verifying from the console.

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TROUBLESHOOT

Disable SIP ALG: FortiGate

session-helper vs VoIP profile — the CLI commands that actually stop FortiOS from rewriting SIP.

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TROUBLESHOOT

Disable SIP ALG: pfSense

pfSense has no classic ALG — what to configure instead: NAT mode, source-port rewriting, and siproxd pitfalls.

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REFERENCE

DTMF Tones

The tone matrix, RFC 4733 vs inband vs SIP INFO, and why IVR digits fail on compressed codecs.

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TROUBLESHOOT

Fix Packet Loss

Symptom triage for choppy audio, the diagnosis workflow, and fixes ranked by effort — QoS, bufferbloat, WiFi.

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Need help configuring?

Call (833) 665-2220 during business hours. The engineer on the line has run the platform you are configuring.